16.It can be inferred from the passage that the “scholars” mentioned in the highlight text believe which of the following to be true?
A. Revitalization resulted from the political activism of returning African American soldiers following the First World War.
B. Marcus Garvey had to change a number of prevailing attitudes in order for his mass movement to find a foothold in the United States.
C. The prevailing sensibility of the African American community provided the foundation of Marcus Garvey’s political appeal.
D. Marcus Garvey hoped to revitalize consciousness of cultural and historical identity in the African American community.
E. The goal of the mass movement that Marcus Garvey helped bring into being was to build on the pride and unity among African Americans.

we need to infer about the scholars.
IN the argument it is written:
Some scholars have argued that Garvey created the consciousness from which he built, in the 1920s, the largest revitalization movement in African American history.
in this line CREATED THE CONSCIOUSNESS means GARVEY created new thought in the mind of people which can be said in other words that he changed the attitude of people.
WHY HE DID SO? to build the largest revitalization movement==>means he changed the mind of people and made them ready for the movement in US.

option B says:Marcus Garvey had to change a number of prevailing attitudes in order for his mass movement to find a foothold in the United States.

hope this helps
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"But such an argument only tends to obscure the consciousness of identity, strength, and sense of history that already existed in the African American community. Garvey did not create this consciousness; rather, he gave this consciousness its political expression."

Leaving the CR skills aside. i think the answer choice directly follows from these lines. The answer choice c is directly mentioned. Which choice did you pick ?

Wh

E. The goal of the mass movement that Marcus Garvey helped bring into being was to build on the pride and unity among African Americans.

option E is wrong because GARVEY wanted unity, pride, and improved conditions for African American communities.
and not AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS

When Jamaican-born social activist Marcus Garvey came to the United States in 1916, he arrived at precisely the right historical moment. What made the moment right was the return of African American soldiers from the First World War in 1918, which created an ideal constituency for someone withGarvey's message of unity, pride, and improved conditions for African American communities.

Hope it helps
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B is right. G create the conciousness,so we can suppose that the conciousness did not exsit in the people mind before. If G plan to start a movement, he need to change the attitude of people to support him.
E is wrong. I think that the answer E confuses the the reason and result. According to the scholar mentioned, the movement was built on the conciousness that G created before the movement, not "was to build on". In line 22, we can know that the goal of movement is to fulfill the longstanding expectations(is equal to conciousness).

look forward someone to pointing out my mistake.
Hopefully my explain is helpful.

Query for Gmatninja/Gmatninja2:
Can you explain OA for Q#15 is D and not C. (Q: The passage suggests that many African American people responded to their experiences in the armed forces in which of the following ways?)
As per the passage it clearly says that Asian African people were dis satisfied after returning from world war and last paragraph stresses on Garvey giving movement a political expression, meaning that soldiers joined the political movement .
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Thanks TheMechanic for the explanation!

Feel free to use the "Request Expert Reply" button if you still have any doubts.
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Passage: Marcus Garvey

Question: Scholars’ Beliefs

The Simple Story

Social activist Marcus Garvey arrived in the United States at the right time for his message to resonate. African American soldiers, who were returning from the First World War, found that their experiences (both in the armed forces and upon returning) did not meet their expectations. According to anthropologists, this type of gap between expectations and reality can create a community consciousness. While some argue that Garvey created the consciousness on which he built his movement, the author asserts that this consciousness among African Americans actually already existed.

Sample Passage Map

Here is one way to map this passage. (Note: abbreviate as desired!)

MG → Good timing

AA – xprnc not living up to expect

MG movement – helped by existing AA conscious.

Note: AA is an abbreviation for African Americans; xprnc is an abbreviation for experience; expect is an abbreviation for expectations.

Step 1: Identify the Question

The word inferred in the question stem indicates that this is an Inference question.

Step 2: Find the Support

Read the text surrounding the scholars mentioned in the the question to identify what they believe.

“Some scholars have argued that Garvey created the consciousness from which he built, in the 1920’s, the largest revitalization movement in African American history.”

Step 3: Predict an Answer

Expect the answer to be some form of the scholars’ belief: that Garvey created the consciousness. Note that this is the opposite of what the author of the passage believes; keep an eye out for trap answers!

Step 4: Eliminate and Find a Match

(A) While the importance of returning African American soldiers is discussed in the second paragraph, it is not mentioned in relation to these scholars.

(B) CORRECT. The idea the Garvey had to change a number of prevailing attitudes in order to further his movement matches with the idea of creat[ing] the consciousness from the quoted sentence.

(C) This is a trap! The answer matches the beliefs of the author of the passage: that Garvey’s movement benefited from existing attitudes in the African American community. But the question asks about the beliefs of scholars, who hold the opposite view: that Garvey had to create the consciousness.

(D) In order to revitalize consciousness, that consciousness must already exist. The scholars believe Garvey created the consciousness, a belief that is inconsistent with this answer. Moreover, the quoted sentence does not discuss the scholars’ awareness of what Garvey hoped; rather they state what they believe he actually did (i.e. create the consciousness). This answer is also a trap because it uses the word revitalize, a form of which is found in the quoted sentence, but other parts of the answer are not supported as discussed above.

(E) Garvey did present a message of pride and unity, according to the first paragraph, but the passage does not discuss whether the scholars hold this belief.
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Hi all

I have a query on the question -3. i.e. (It can be inferred from the passage that the “scholars” mentioned in line 24 believe which of the following to be true?)

As per the third paragraph, it is mentioned that Garvey created the consciousness and that called for the largest revitalization movement. in the next line, the author mentions that the whole thing can tend to obscure as it was already there. Therefore he did not create or build the consciousness for the revitalization movement.

For the above references, we can conclude that the ideology was always prevailing and Garvey gave it a new political expression to it. Hence why not option C?

Hope i am not wrong!

thanks
subhankar

Need your views and suggestion regarding Q3. While I must mention, after being informed that B is right choice, it seems to me as a right choice because my brain can act funny in many scenarios. I would request you to view option E as well and help me/us why it cannot be right choice.

3. It can be inferred from the passage that the “scholars” mentioned in the highlight text believe which of the following to be true?

(B) Marcus Garvey had to change a number of prevailing attitudes in order for his mass movement to find a foothold in the United States.
(E) The goal of the mass movement that Marcus Garvey helped bring into being was to build on the pride and unity among African Americans.

"Some scholars have argued that Garvey created the consciousness from which he built, in the 1920s, the largest revitalisation movement in African American history. But such an argument only tends to obscure the consciousness of identity, strength, and sense of history that already existed in the African American community. Garvey did not create this consciousness; rather, he gave this consciousness its political expression."

I had used my inference from the underlined part that while scholars believe Garvey was the one who established foundation for consciousness of well being for African Americans, author believe it is wrong. Reason being, consciousness always existed i.e. of pride, identity and well being etc. Hence, author presents that Garvey used already established foundation to further his cause and not as scholars think he created it.

E - Might use goal of the movement and we can think, there is no goal discussed in passage, but here the sentence intends to convey that scholars believe Garvey build a foundation of a movement on pride and unity etc. ( previous para : consciousness of i.e. of pride, identity and well being etc. ), hence I chose this option.

I agree B communicates correct message too but please help why E can be wrong. Happy to be advised if my understanding of para above need correction

Thanks you gave an excellent explanation, This question was the only one I got wrong and you clarified it very will.
+1 Kudos!