When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states

Question

When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states will try to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products overseas

(A) and establish tighter restrictions for the amount of grain farmers are to be allowed to grow and to encourage

(B) and establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain able to be grown by farmers and encouraging

(C) establishing tighter restrictions for the amount of grain farmers are allowed to grow and to encourage

(D) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain capable of being grown by farmers and encouraging

(E) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage

soul_assassin · Answer

A & B, "and" is not the correct word to be used in this situation

C, wrong tense

D, wrong tense and awkward wording

which leads to...E, the correct answer

Mishari · Answer

The correct Ideom --> restrictions + on
A and C are therefore incorrect

Within the context of the sentence, it should be try + to + establish, as the sentence in option B is awkward and incorrect.

D is false due to the use to "being", making it awkward and unneccessarily using passive tense verbs. 

 ANSWER:   E

bmwhype2 · Answer

Excellent feedback!!

A&B:  and  cannot be used in this context because it would read "to try and", thereby giving no explanation of the action/verb. Missing verb.


(C)  establishing  tighter restrictions for the amount of grain farmers are allowed to grow and to encourage
 will try  is future tense.  establishing  is present tense. GMAT condemns tense changes unless those tense changes are in the case of past perfect situations.

(D) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain capable of  being   grown by farmers  and encouraging
 being  is almost always wrong. passive.


(E) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage
correct

imhimanshu · Answer

Hi,

Can someone help me in identifying SV pairs. As per my understanding, Clauses are the building blocks of any sentence. In addition, there are set of rules to join Independent and Dependent Clauses.
Also, Subject and Verb doesn't reside in prepositional phrases.

When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states will try to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products overseas

Identifying SV pairs -

Subject - Congress Verb Reconvenes
Subject - newly elected members Verb - will try to establish and to encourage

What is the subject of Verb - will be allowed. My sense says it should be amount. But Since noun "Amount" is following preposition ON, therefore it can't be the subject of the noun - amount.

Can someone please clarify.

Thanks

Marcab · Answer

Hii Himanshu.
 
When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states will try to  establish   tighter restrictions  on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products overseas

Blue portion is the verb and the subject of the verb is "tighter restrictions".
Please note that a prepositional phrase will never contain the subject of the sentence.

For more on prepositional phrases, do visit:https://gmatclub.com/forum/the-prepositional-phrases-143456.html
That will help you.

Let me know if anything remains unclear.

egmat · Answer

Hi Himanshu,

When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states will try to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products overseas.

Here are clauses in the sentence:

Cl. 1: When Congress reconvenes, (DC)
Cl. 2: some newly elected members from rural states will try to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain (IC)
Cl. 3: farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products overseas. (DC)

(blue = subjcets, green = verbs)

You identified the correct verb “will be allowed (to grow)”. Logically, who will be allowed to grow grain? The answer is certainly the farmers.

Hope this helps.

Thanks.
Shraddha.

Thanks. Shraddha.

imhimanshu · Answer

Thanks Shradha for the quickie.. I missed the Farmers part. Here, THAT is working as an object of the clause, which may or may not be written in a sentence. :-)

Am I correct some newly elected members from rural states will try to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain THAT farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products overseas.

egmat · Answer

Hi Himanshu, Yes, you are absolutely correct. "that" is understood here.

blueseas · Answer

IMO its always good to learn from the official answers pattern...so that we are familiar with patterns which GMAT assumes as correct. overall GMAT doesnt uses a specific grammar book...its their rule ,all we can do is just make note of them and use them ...in the exam. for this question there is quick way to eliminate A/B . WHENEVER we use AND we separate two things which are separate. now if you see....in this ==>will try AND establish... these two things are not separate ..means actually ..it is trying TO ESTABLISH. SO in all such cases use of AND is wrong...we need TO.. SO CORRECT OPTION WILL CONTAIN WILL TRY TO ESTABLISH similar usage in one more official question: A proposal has been made to trim the horns from rhinoceroses to discourage poachers; the question is whether tourists will continue to visit game parks and see rhinoceroses after their horns are trimmed. A) whether tourists will continue to visit game parks and see rhinoceroses after their horns are B) whether tourists will continue to visit game parks to see one once their horns are C) whether tourists will continue to visit game parks to see rhinoceroses once the animals' horns have been D) if tourists will continue to visit game parks and see rhinoceroses once the animals' horns are E) if tourists will continue to visit game parks to see one after the animals' horns have been now here VISIT and SEE are not separate work...as people will visit for the purpose of seeing only(in this case) so here use of AND is again wrong....NOW THE CORRECT OPTION IN THIS CASE IS C..which correctly uses... to visit ..to see now coming to original question ..we have eliminated A and B (C) establishing tighter restrictions for the amount of grain farmers are allowed to grow and to encourage WRONG.. = restriction -on ==>correct IDIOM. = TRY ESTABLISHING =>this is wrong usage as per context here. (D) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain capable of being grown by farmers and encouraging WRONG.. =capable of being grown==>this is unnecessary wordy. = use of being --this is always like a red alert :-D

(E) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage CORRECT

hichem · Answer

(E) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage 
i got right but i don't understand how a sentence can have two verbs which are not well connected with 'and'

here we have will try and another will >>>> it looks like very wordy but it is the right answer !!!!!

please help

AryamaDuttaSaikia · Answer

As per the meaning of the sentence - congress (newly elected members) will try to carry out 2 things :

a. establish tighter restrictions 
b. encourage more aggressive sales

These two activities are correctly (adhering to parallelism) joined by "AND".

Sv pair - 1. Congress reconvenes

2. Members will try

BillyZ · Answer

First Glance

The underline begins with the word  and . keep an eye out for Parallelism and Structure issues.

Issues

(1) Meaning:  try and establish

The original sentence has a meaning problem: members  will try and establish restrictions . Whenever you see an  X and Y  structure with two verbs (like this one), check whether the logical meaning is actually  will try to establish restrictions .

How to know which it is? When the parallel marker  and  is used, the sentence is discussing two parallel but separate verbs: the  members will try  and, separately, the  members will establish  these restrictions. In this case, the meaning is illogical. The members are trying  to establish ; they have the intention  to establish  these restrictions. Eliminate answers (A) and (B).

Although people will use   try and establish   in casual conversation all the time, the meaning is still  illogical . The test writers are trying to get you to fall for false parallelism, but the sentence shouldn't have a parallel structure here.

Answer (C) is suspect;  establishing  might be okay, but the construction in answers (D) and (E) ( try to establish ) is better. Put a question mark next to answer (C).

(2) Idiom:  establish restrictions for

The original sentence uses the idiom  establish restrictions for  the amount of something. The  correct idiom  is to  establish restrictions on  the amount or usage of something.

Eliminate answers (A) and (C) because they use the  incorrect idiom   establish restrictions for .

Parallelism: X and Y

The original sentence also contains a real instance of the parallelism marker X and Y:

(A) will try  and establish  and  to encourage 
(B) will try  and establish  and  encouraging 
(C) will try  establishing  and to  encourage 
(D) will try  to establish  and  encouraging 
(E) will try  to establish  and  to encourage

Answer (A) and (B) use the form will establish for the X portion. Neither to encourage nor encouraging is an acceptable match for the Y portion. Answers (C) and (D) pair a participle with an infinitive; both are not parallel. Only answer (E) offers a parallel structure: to establish and to encourage. Eliminate answers (A), (B), (C), and (D).

(4) Meaning:  able to be ;  capable of being

Answers (A), (C), and (E) indicate that the government is trying to restrict what some people will be allowed to grow. Answer (B) talks about what is able to be grown and answer (D) talks about what is  capable of being grown . Are all versions acceptable?

Allowed means permitted: the government permits the farmers to grow a certain amount of grain. What farmers are  able to grow  or  capable of growing  is a different issue. One farmer might be  able to grow  more than the restrictions would allow while another farmer might be  capable of growing  less than the restrictions allow. The government can't determine this; it just depends how much land a farmer has, how good she is at growing grain, and so on. Eliminate answers (B) and (D) for an illogical meaning.

The Correct Answer

Correct answer (E) fixes the original meaning issue by using the construction  will try to establish . It also offers the parallel construction  to establish and to encourage .

daagh · Answer

In this easy question, to keep parallelism between two factors connected by an 'and', we need two identical parts of speech. In the given context, to establish and to encourage is the only combo as in E that sticks to this tenet and hence, is the answer

sasyaharry · Answer

When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states will try to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products overseas

Removing the fluff we notice the phrase ' members will try and establish.... ' is wrong. Are they trying and establishing or trying to establish. Since the form 'to establish' is correct,   eliminate A,B and C

In answer D, the phrase  'grain capable of being grown'  is wordy and there is an issue with parallelism.  'To establish'  and  'encouraging' .

Answer  E  clears all these issues.

ydmuley · Answer

When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states will try to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products overseas

(A)  and  establish tighter restrictions  for  the amount of grain farmers are to be allowed to grow and to encourage
(B)  and   establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain  able to be grown  by farmers and  encouraging 
(C) establishing tighter  restrictions for  the amount of grain farmers are allowed  to grow  and to  encourage 
(D) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain capable  of being grown  by farmers and  encouraging 
(E) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage

E

lary301254M7 · Answer

When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states will try to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products overseas

(A)  and establish  tighter restrictions for the amount of grain farmers are to be allowed to grow and to encourage

(A) is wrong because it is saying elected members will "try" tighter restrictions and will "establish" tighter restrictions.
This is illogical. How can members try restrictions? Therefore, they must be trying "to establish" tighter restrictions.

This is why I picked (E), logical meaning, and correct parallelism.

swatihod123 · Answer

IMO E

to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage- rectifies the original meaning issue by using the infinitive TO. Also conveys the parallel construction  to establish  and  to encourage .

CrackverbalGMAT · Answer

We can  eliminate Options A and B  for the use of ‘and’

The verb ‘establish’ becomes inactive without the use of ‘to’ right before it.

We are looking for Options that use  ‘to establish’ .

We have  Options D and E.

But  Option D  is not parallel. We need the last portion of the sentence to say ‘to encourage’ to parallel with ‘to establish’.

For this reason,  Option D  is out.  Eliminate.

Option E  is the best choice.

Hope this helps!

CEdward · Answer

When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states will try to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive sales of United States farm products overseas

(A)  and  establish tighter restrictions  for  the amount of grain farmers are to be allowed to grow and to encourage X

(B)  and  establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain able to be grown by farmers and encouraging X

(C)  establishing  tighter restrictions  for  the amount of grain farmers are allowed to grow and to encourage X

(D) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain  capable of being  grown by farmers and  encouraging  X

(E) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to encourage  CORRECT

When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states

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GMAT Sentence Correction (SC - EA only) Questions

When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected members from rural states

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