The Index and Inflation
(A) CORRECT
(B) Parallelism / Meaning; Idiom (unlikely for)
(C) Meaning / Modifier (X, with Y)
(D) Parallelism / Meaning
(E) Parallelism / Meaning; Idiom (unlikelihood for); Parallelism: X and Y
First glanceThere is a split between
agreed that and
agreed on, indicating that this problem is testing Structure and Meaning.
Issues
(1) Parallelism / MeaningThe structure of the sentence provides hints about the intended meaning. The first clause describes a negative situation that has already happened, and the second clause makes a prediction of what is to come.
The contrast word
although indicates that the prediction involves something positive. The prediction lists two good things that the analysts agree on:
The index is unlikely to keep rising, and
inflation will likely stay under control.
Regarding the 2nd sentence - The sentence must clearly label the first part as unlikely to occur (as that would be positive) and the second as likely to occur (As that would be positive also)
(A) agreed that the index was unlikely … and that inflation remained
(B) agreed that it was unlikely for the index … and for inflation to remain
(C) agreed that the index was unlikely … , with inflation to remain
(D) agreed on the unlikelihood that the index … and that inflation remained
(E) agreed on the unlikelihood that the index … and for inflation to remain
Answers (D) and (E) claim that analysts agreed on the unlikelihood … of the two things. This structure incorrectly implies that the inflation is unlikely to remain under control. Eliminate answers (D) and (E) for this meaning error.
Answer (B) changes the structure but still illogically labels both predictions as
unlikely. The root phrase
it was unlikely applies to the two parallel elements
for the index… and
for inflation … . Therefore both elements are illogically described as being
unlikely to occur.. Eliminate choice (B) for this meaning error.
(2) Meaning / Modifier: X, with YAnswer choice (C) uses comma with to introduce the concept that inflation will remain steady.
The phrase
with inflation to remain essentially stable appears to be describing the preceding clause,
that the index was unlikely to continue to go up.
It’s not clear what that description actually means.
Does the stable inflation cause the index to stop rising?
OR
Does the index plateauing cause the inflation to stabilize?
Or
are they just two events that happen to occur at the same time?
It’s not clear. Eliminate answer choice (C) for this
ambiguity of meaning.(3) Parallelism: X and YAnswer choice (E) breaks parallelism because the subordinate clause that the index is not parallel to the prepositional phrase for inflation. Eliminate choice (E) for this parallelism issue.
(4) Idiom: unlikely for / unlikelihood forAnswer choice (B) uses the phrase
unlikely for, which is an incorrect idiom.
Answer choice (E) lists two things using the root phrase unlikelihood. The first listed item uses the correct idiom, unlikelihood that, but the second uses the incorrect idiom,
unlikelihood for. The Correct Answer
Correct answer (A) uses proper parallelism to clearly describes two predictions: that the index was unlikely to continue going up and that inflation remained essentially under control. It also uses the proper idiom unlikely to.