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17 Jan 2019, 11:26
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Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
65%
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Question Stats:
54% (01:54) correct
46%
(02:01)
wrong
based on 831
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The preeminent astronomer, Carl Sagan, posited that the expansion of the universe, with galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other, was caused by the Big Bang about 15 billion years ago.
A) The preeminent astronomer, Carl Sagan, posited that the expansion of the universe, with galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other, was caused by the Big Bang about 15 billion years ago.
B) The preeminent astronomer, Carl Sagan, posited that the expansion of the universe, with galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other, is caused by the Big Bang about 15 billion years ago.
C) Carl Sagan, the preeminent astronomer, posited that the expansion of the universe was caused by the Big Bang about 15 billion years ago and the galaxies are rushing ever outward away from each other.
D) The preeminent astronomer, Carl Sagan, posited that the Big Bang caused the expansion of the universe about 15 billion years ago, sending the galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other.
E) The preeminent astronomer, Carl Sagan, posited that the Big Bang, causing the expansion of the universe about 15 billion years ago, sending the galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other.
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18 Jan 2019, 01:39
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generis
Because whole sentence is underlined we have to carefully examine all answer choices:
(A) The preeminent astronomer, Carl Sagan, posited that the expansion of the universe, with galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other, was caused by the Big Bang about 15 billion years ago.
placement of modifier “with galaxies” is incorrect - this is not the intended meaning of the sentence
For more information about with + [noun] + [participle] please see Mister Mike's explanation
Meaning of the sentence: Carl (astronomer) affirmed that the expansion of the universe was caused by the Big Bang about 1000000000000 years ago or so. This expansion then caused some galaxies run away from each other
Attachment:
A.JPG [ 46.48 KiB | Viewed 8094 times ]
B) The preeminent astronomer, Carl Sagan, posited that the expansion of the universe, with galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other, is caused by the Big Bang about 15 billion years ago.
Same issue with (A) - modifier placement error. Additionally we have verb tense error, explosion was 1000000000000 years ago, why is?????
Attachment:
B.JPG [ 47.91 KiB | Viewed 8063 times ]
C) Carl Sagan, the preeminent astronomer, posited that the expansion of the universe was caused by the Big Bang about 15 billion years ago and the galaxies are rushing ever outward away from each other.
"and" //ism marker, but we don't have anything in the sentence to be // to the galaxies
Attachment:
C.JPG [ 37.78 KiB | Viewed 8021 times ]
D) The preeminent astronomer, Carl Sagan, posited that the Big Bang caused the expansion of the universe about 15 billion years ago, sending the galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other.
Beautiful structure, clean and tidy, all verbs and subjects are in place and agree in number, verb tenses are also fine - past simple. Modifier ",+sending" smoothly describes and gives the result of the expansion process, and modifies preceeding clause. "sending" - represents current action also, becouse expansion happened 1000000000 years ago, but still going on. I'm happy
For more information about V-ing modifier please see e-gmat explanations
Attachment:
D.JPG [ 39.9 KiB | Viewed 7995 times ]
E) The preeminent astronomer, Carl Sagan, posited that the Big Bang, causing the expansion of the universe about 15 billion years ago, sending the galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other.
As Sir Charles said, such mess here that I didn't know how to explain it
There is no verb for "Big Band", even if we consider "causing" as a modifier of "Big Bang, but what about ", + sending", what is modifies here? it's not // to "causing" - no //ism marker. Anyway (E) is out.
Attachment:
E.JPG [ 36.29 KiB | Viewed 7933 times ]
(D) is the answer
General Discussion
NRJ11090
Joined: 19 Mar 2018
Last visit: 22 May 2024
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Location: India
Concentration: Operations, Strategy
Schools: IIM Udaipur '21 IIMC PGPEX"20 ISB '20 IIMA PGPX"20
GMAT 1: 600 Q42 V31
GPA: 4
WE:Operations (Energy)
17 Jan 2019, 11:55
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A and D both give a cause and effect relationship. I marked D as the correct answer choice as it states that the Big Bag caused the expansion 15 billion years ago and the result- sending the galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other. The cause of the expansion is Big Bag that took place 15 billion years ago and the result -sending the galaxies rushing ever outward away from each other. So, D is the correct answer choice according to me.
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