Last visit was: 19 Nov 2025, 03:46 It is currently 19 Nov 2025, 03:46
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
User avatar
LUBABAYIMER
Joined: 01 Jul 2024
Last visit: 23 Sep 2024
Posts: 54
Own Kudos:
16
 [1]
Given Kudos: 3
Posts: 54
Kudos: 16
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
OmerKor
Joined: 24 Jan 2024
Last visit: 10 Sep 2025
Posts: 129
Own Kudos:
150
 [1]
Given Kudos: 150
Location: Israel
Posts: 129
Kudos: 150
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
VivekSri
Joined: 01 May 2022
Last visit: 19 Nov 2025
Posts: 468
Own Kudos:
721
 [1]
Given Kudos: 117
Location: India
WE:Engineering (Consulting)
Posts: 468
Kudos: 721
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
KrishnanTN
Joined: 01 Jun 2015
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 70
Own Kudos:
121
 [1]
Given Kudos: 113
Location: India
Concentration: General Management, Finance
GMAT 1: 670 Q46 V36
Products:
GMAT 1: 670 Q46 V36
Posts: 70
Kudos: 121
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
The City's Environment officer seems to think that fining Diesel vehicles within the city will improve the air level within 1 year.
This seems to assume that there is no other source of pollution that will degrade the air quality, apart from the Diesel vehicles.


(A) The funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city will not decrease from its current level.
It is the quality of the air quality monitoring that must be monitored, not the funding allocated to it. Rejected.


(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.
The purpose of the fine is to decrease the number of Diesel vehicles entering the city. If the number does not decrease, it will not help realize the officer's plan. Hence rejected.

(C) The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level.
RIGHT ANSWER - Since the officer claims that this fine will significantly reduce the level of air pollution in the city within one year, it must also be the case that other sources of pollution must not increase, the diesel vehicle pollution must decrease, thus significantly reducing the level of air pollution in the city within one year.


(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year.
The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas is irrelevant. In fact, If this is true, the pollution might not decrease. REJECTED.


(E) The overall traffic volume in the city will not increase from its current level.
If true, there is a chance the pollution levels will not go down. REJECTED.­
User avatar
iabhish1509
Joined: 09 Jan 2024
Last visit: 26 Sep 2025
Posts: 121
Own Kudos:
62
 [1]
Given Kudos: 200
Location: India
GPA: 8
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
(A) The funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city will not decrease from its current level.

While funding for air quality monitoring is important, it does not directly affect the reduction of air pollution from diesel vehicles. Therefore, this is not a necessary assumption.

(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.

This assumption is crucial. If the number of diesel vehicles increases, the fine may not lead to a significant reduction in air pollution. The environmental officer's claim depends on the assumption that the number of diesel vehicles will not increase.

(C) The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level.

This factor, while relevant to overall air quality, does not directly impact the specific effect of reducing diesel vehicle pollution. Therefore, it is not a necessary assumption for the claim about diesel vehicles.

(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year.

If more vehicles, especially diesel vehicles, enter the city from nearby areas, the effectiveness of the fine in reducing air pollution could be undermined. But they would be fined, and then they may not enter the city again. Hence, in shorter time this may increase the pollution levels but in long term or a year this will reduce the pollution.

Since, this option has both TRUE or FALSE case. Hence, this is not a serious or crucial assumption.

(E) The overall traffic volume in the city will not increase from its current level.

This assumption is important because an increase in overall traffic volume, including non-diesel vehicles, could affect the overall air pollution levels, making it harder to see the impact of reducing diesel vehicle use.
Since, this option has both TRUE or FALSE case. Hence, this is not a serious or crucial assumption.

Correct Answer: B. The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.

This assumption is directly related to the effectiveness of the fine in reducing air pollution caused by diesel vehicles.
User avatar
Kattu404
Joined: 03 Jan 2022
Last visit: 13 Nov 2025
Posts: 141
Own Kudos:
106
 [1]
Given Kudos: 30
Location: India
Concentration: Technology, International Business
GMAT 1: 680 Q50 V31
GPA: 4
WE:Information Technology (Energy)
GMAT 1: 680 Q50 V31
Posts: 141
Kudos: 106
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
If the measures are implies, but the other source is not controlled then the claim wont happen. Hence C.
User avatar
vidhi421
Joined: 16 Mar 2024
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 22
Own Kudos:
25
 [1]
Given Kudos: 12
Posts: 22
Kudos: 25
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
­Correct Answer: (B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.
This assumption is crucial because if the number of diesel vehicles increases, the fine may not effectively reduce the level of air pollution. The claim depends on the assumption that the number of diesel vehicles will at least remain constant or decrease due to the fine.

(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year.
This could be relevant, but the primary focus is on diesel vehicles currently within the city limits, not incoming vehicles.­
User avatar
1111fate
Joined: 19 Oct 2021
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 81
Own Kudos:
63
 [1]
Given Kudos: 688
Location: India
Products:
Posts: 81
Kudos: 63
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
The answer is E. The environmental officer assumption relies on other variables remaining constant for the desired outcome.
User avatar
Dexter43
User avatar
Masters of Science Forum Moderator
Joined: 12 Apr 2023
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 317
Own Kudos:
273
 [1]
Given Kudos: 74
Location: France, Metropolitan
Concentration: Strategy, General Management
GMAT Focus 1: 645 Q84 V81 DI80
GPA: 3.68
WE:Information Technology (Technology)
GMAT Focus 1: 645 Q84 V81 DI80
Posts: 317
Kudos: 273
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
­The environmental officer claims that imposing a heavy fine on the use of diesel vehicles will significantly reduce air pollution within one year. To strengthen this claim, we need to identify an assumption that must be true for this cause-and-effect relationship to hold. Let's analyze each option:

(A) The funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city will not decrease from its current level.
  • This option relates to monitoring air quality rather than directly affecting the reduction of air pollution caused by diesel vehicles. It is not directly related to the effectiveness of the fine in reducing pollution, so it is not an assumption necessary for the officer's claim.
(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.
  • This option is crucial because if the number of diesel vehicles increases despite the fine, it would undermine the effectiveness of the fine in reducing air pollution. Therefore, the assumption that the number of diesel vehicles will remain stable is necessary for the claim that the fine will reduce pollution.
(C) The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level.
  • This option pertains to industrial pollution and does not directly address the impact of the fine on diesel vehicles. It is not essential to assume this for the claim about reducing pollution caused by diesel vehicles.
(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year.
  • This option concerns vehicles entering the city from nearby areas, which is not directly related to the impact of the fine on diesel vehicles within the city limits. It does not affect the officer's claim directly.
(E) The overall traffic volume in the city will not increase from its current level.
  • This option is important because if overall traffic volume increases, it could offset any reduction in air pollution achieved by reducing diesel vehicle emissions alone. Therefore, assuming that overall traffic volume remains stable is crucial for the claim that the fine on diesel vehicles will reduce air pollution.
After evaluating each option, the assumption that directly supports the environmental officer's claim that imposing a fine on diesel vehicles will significantly reduce air pollution within one year is:

( B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.­
User avatar
Avicii
Joined: 04 Jul 2024
Last visit: 23 Jul 2024
Posts: 14
Own Kudos:
15
 [1]
Posts: 14
Kudos: 15
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.

From the given information, we can conclude that the officer's assumption is based on that fact that imposing heavy fines on diesel vehicles will deter people from using their vehicles. However, increase in diesel vehicles in the metropolitan area could change this, as despite the fine there could equal or more diesel vehicles added to the city. This will not result in improving the air quality.
avatar
d_patel
Joined: 16 May 2024
Last visit: 24 Nov 2024
Posts: 57
Own Kudos:
70
 [1]
Given Kudos: 13
GMAT Focus 1: 685 Q89 V84 DI79
GMAT Focus 1: 685 Q89 V84 DI79
Posts: 57
Kudos: 70
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
­The environmental officer is claiming that imposing a heavy fine on the use of diesel vehicles will significantly reduce the level of air pollution in city within one year.
So assumption must be something related with diesel vehicles. 

A. Incorrect. Even if funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city decreases, fine on diesel vehicles could be reduce level of air pollution in city. We also do not know if reducing funding of air quality monitoring will affect the air pollution.
B. Correct. If number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city increased, then heavy fine on use of diesel vehicles will not work as intended.
C. Incorrect. We do not need to assume anything about industrial pollution which is not related with diesel vehicles.
D. Incorrect. Even if vehicles increased, we do not know if they use diesel or not and how they affect city air polution.
E. Incorrect. Even if traffic increased, we cannot say how it will affect the air pollution of city. ­
User avatar
Gp111
Joined: 22 May 2023
Last visit: 24 Feb 2025
Posts: 23
Own Kudos:
35
 [1]
Given Kudos: 1
Location: India
Concentration: Technology, Entrepreneurship
GMAT Focus 1: 655 Q85 V81 DI81
GPA: 8.05
GMAT Focus 1: 655 Q85 V81 DI81
Posts: 23
Kudos: 35
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Bunuel
­To improve air quality, the city council of a metropolitan area is considering imposing a heavy fine on the use of diesel vehicles within city limits. The city's environmental officer claims that this fine will significantly reduce the level of air pollution in the city within one year.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the environmental officer's claim depends?

(A) The funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city will not decrease from its current level.
This talks about funding for air quality monitoring, which is not directly related to the reduction of air pollution due to fewer diesel vehicles.
Quote:
(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.
This is relevant because if the number of diesel vehicles does not increase, the fine can effectively reduce the current number of diesel vehicles, leading to less pollution.
Quote:
(C) The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level.
This is about industrial pollution, which is a separate source of pollution and does not directly affect the impact of reducing diesel vehicle pollution
Quote:
(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year.
This is about nearby areas and not within city limits and doesn't directly affect pollution within city limits
Quote:
(E) The overall traffic volume in the city will not increase from its current level.
­This is not relevant because it talks about traffic volume and not specifically diesel vehicles.

Among the options, (B) directly addresses the assumption that the number of diesel vehicles will not increase, which is crucial for the fine to have the intended impact on reducing air pollution­
User avatar
AviNFC
Joined: 31 May 2023
Last visit: 13 Nov 2025
Posts: 216
Own Kudos:
288
 [1]
Given Kudos: 5
Posts: 216
Kudos: 288
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
(A) The funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city will not decrease from its current level. #Irrelevant
(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level. #Even if the number of diesel vehicles increase, heavy fine may regulate their use, thus reducing pollution
(C) The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level. #Out of scope. Decrease in air pollution may significantly dominate
(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year. #Correct. If vehicles from nearby places significantly increases, any decrease in polution from diesel cards fine will offset the decrease
(E) The overall traffic volume in the city will not increase from its current level. #Even if the overall traffic increases, the fine may regulate the use of diesel cars & may help to reduce pollution

Option D­
User avatar
anish0953
Joined: 20 May 2024
Last visit: 13 Mar 2025
Posts: 86
Own Kudos:
49
 [1]
Given Kudos: 103
Location: United Kingdom
Concentration: Leadership, Entrepreneurship
GPA: 9.2
WE:Business Development (Finance)
Products:
Posts: 86
Kudos: 49
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Bunuel
­To improve air quality, the city council of a metropolitan area is considering imposing a heavy fine on the use of diesel vehicles within city limits. The city's environmental officer claims that this fine will significantly reduce the level of air pollution in the city within one year.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the environmental officer's claim depends?

(A) The funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city will not decrease from its current level.
(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.
(C) The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level.
(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year.
(E) The overall traffic volume in the city will not increase from its current level.



­
 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club Olympics Competition

Win over $30,000 in prizes such as Courses, Tests, Private Tutoring, and more

 

­
­The environmental officer's claim that imposing a heavy fine on the use of diesel vehicles will significantly reduce air pollution within one year relies on the assumption that the measure will effectively reduce the use of diesel vehicles and that other sources of pollution will not negate this reduction.

The most relevant assumption from the options provided is:

(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.

This assumption directly supports the idea that the fine will reduce the use of diesel vehicles, which in turn would reduce air pollution. If the number of diesel vehicles were to increase, it would undermine the effect of the fine and potentially fail to reduce air pollution as expected.

Therefore, the correct answer is:
B
User avatar
Cocasocola
Joined: 20 Jun 2024
Last visit: 21 Jul 2024
Posts: 11
Own Kudos:
18
 [1]
Location: Viet Nam
GMAT 1: 600 Q42 V38
GMAT 1: 600 Q42 V38
Posts: 11
Kudos: 18
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
We try to negate the answer to see if it can make the the conclusion fail

(A) The funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city will not decrease from its current level. Not very relevant, as the fund decrease, it can not make the fine invalid
(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level. Sound nice, when the number of vehicles will not decrease in spite of the fine, it can make the conclusion fail
(C) The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level. It can affect the pollution, but the level may offset with the fine or not, we are not sure
(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year. Irrelevant, we are not sure about the kind of vehicles using diesel or not
(E) The overall traffic volume in the city will not increase from its current level. Like (D), we are not sure id the volume include diesel vehicle or not
I choose B
User avatar
Sanyachanani
Joined: 04 Jul 2024
Last visit: 28 Sep 2025
Posts: 3
Own Kudos:
2
 [1]
Given Kudos: 5
GPA: 2:1
Posts: 3
Kudos: 2
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Option B is the only option discussing the issue around diesel vehicles specifically
User avatar
asad9242
Joined: 07 Jul 2024
Last visit: 19 Nov 2025
Posts: 23
Own Kudos:
22
 [1]
Given Kudos: 2
Concentration: Technology, Social Entrepreneurship
GPA: 3.7
Products:
Posts: 23
Kudos: 22
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
­ Answer is C

­Some measures are proposed to control pollution from diesel vehicles. However there are assumptions that no other source will add to city's pollution

​​​​​​​Therefore, it is assumed that The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level.
 
User avatar
Anugmat740
Joined: 31 Aug 2021
Last visit: 19 Oct 2024
Posts: 97
Own Kudos:
109
 [1]
Given Kudos: 156
Posts: 97
Kudos: 109
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level

If the number of diesel vehicles not decreased, then the air pollution will also not decrease.
User avatar
iikeaboss
Joined: 06 Jul 2024
Last visit: 13 Sep 2025
Posts: 3
Own Kudos:
2
 [1]
Posts: 3
Kudos: 2
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
 
Bunuel
­To improve air quality, the city council of a metropolitan area is considering imposing a heavy fine on the use of diesel vehicles within city limits. The city's environmental officer claims that this fine will significantly reduce the level of air pollution in the city within one year.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the environmental officer's claim depends?

(A) The funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city will not decrease from its current level.
(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level. 
(C) The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level.
(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year. 
(E) The overall traffic volume in the city will not increase from its current level. 


­
 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club Olympics Competition

Win over $30,000 in prizes such as Courses, Tests, Private Tutoring, and more

 

­
(A) The funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city will not decrease from its current level. - Funding is irrelevant
(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level. - This is not an assumption, this is the desired end result of the policy. 
(C) The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level. - The assumption is that there are no other factors that could impact air pollution levels [at least, to the extent that diesel vehicles do]
(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year. - Does not specify increase in diesel vehicles. We don't care about general increase of # of vehicles as long as it doesn't impact pollution levels.  
(E) The overall traffic volume in the city will not increase from its current level. - Traffic is irrelevant

Therefore Answer is C­
User avatar
RenB
Joined: 13 Jul 2022
Last visit: 18 Nov 2025
Posts: 391
Own Kudos:
1,361
 [1]
Given Kudos: 303
Location: India
Concentration: Finance, Nonprofit
GMAT Focus 1: 715 Q90 V84 DI82
GPA: 3.74
WE:Corporate Finance (Consulting)
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Bunuel
­To improve air quality, the city council of a metropolitan area is considering imposing a heavy fine on the use of diesel vehicles within city limits. The city's environmental officer claims that this fine will significantly reduce the level of air pollution in the city within one year.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the environmental officer's claim depends?

(A) The funding allocated to air quality monitoring in the city will not decrease from its current level.
(B) The number of diesel vehicles currently used within the city will not increase from its current level.
(C) The amount of industrial pollution in the city will not increase from its current level.
(D) The number of vehicles entering the city from nearby areas will not significantly increase over the next year.
(E) The overall traffic volume in the city will not increase from its current level.



­
 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
for the GMAT Club Olympics Competition

Win over $30,000 in prizes such as Courses, Tests, Private Tutoring, and more

 

­
­To determine the assumption for the environmental officer's claim, we need to find an unstated premise that must be true for the claim to hold. The officer claims that fining diesel vehicle use will significantly reduce air pollution within a year.

Let's analyze each option:

(A) Air quality monitoring funding will not decrease.
- This is not directly related to the impact of the fine on pollution.

(B)The number of diesel vehicles will not increase.
- This is important, but it focuses on current levels rather than the effect of the fine.

(C) Industrial pollution will not increase.
- Industrial pollution is unrelated to the fine on diesel vehicles.

(D) Vehicles from nearby areas will not increase significantly.
- If vehicles from outside increase, it could undermine the fine's effect on reducing pollution.
This directly addresses the concern that external diesel vehicle traffic could negate the pollution reduction. Thus D

(E) Overall traffic volume will not increase.
- More overall traffic could counteract the pollution reduction, but this is broader than just diesel vehicles.

 
   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   
Moderators:
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
7445 posts
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
234 posts
188 posts