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GMAT Club Olympics 2024 (Day 2): Urban Planner: The installation of

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Archit3110

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09 Jul 2024, 08:04

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Quote:

Urban Planner: The installation of green roofs in urban areas can reduce the overall city temperature during summer months, thereby reducing the need for air conditioning and energy consumption. However, despite their benefits, the widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow. This is because the initial cost of installing green roofs is considerably high, and because __________.

Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the urban planner’s argument?

(A) there are sufficient numbers of skilled laborers available to install green roofs
this option will not weaken the reasoning ; incorrect

(B) green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers
true ; this can be anothe reason why implementation of green roof is slow

(C) tax incentives for green construction projects are commonly available in urban areas
in correct ; not valid
(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs
this is same reasoning as given as initial cost of installing green roofs is considerably high ; incorrect
(E) green roofs typically last longer than traditional roofing materials, thus potentially saving money over time
not relevant option

OPTION B IS CORRECT

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Bunuel

This question was provided by GMAT Club
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D - parallel disadvantage of installing a green roof

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- strengthen question
- summarize the argument: green roofs => reduct city temp, AC needs BUT, adoption of green roofs is low => conclusion; B/C installing cost is high => premise
- strengthen, need to find why people not install green roofs
A. supports why it's easier to install green roofs, not the other way => wrong
B. ~ maybe, because suppliers are located far, people maybe hesitant to purchase materials from them => leave it for now
C. tax incentives => supports the counter conclusion, weaken the counclusion => wrong
D. ~ maybe, traditional roofing materials are more tempting than green roofs => leave it for now
E. green roofs last longer => supports the counter conclusion, weaken the counclusion => wrong
Compare B vs D: D sounds like a better choice b/c it's obvious to see why people are tempted traditional roofs than green roofs, while with B, need to bridge some further assumption (suppliers are located far, hesitant to commute)

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(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs makes the most sense here as it saying another negative thing against green roofs and essentially why they are not being adopted can be explained by this answer.

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Answer D:
It is D because it shows that there is a cheaper alternative to green roof: traditional roof.

THe initial cost can be high but if traditional roofs costs are higher, then there would be a discrepancy, but with this argument, it makes it logical.

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To complete the urban planner's argument logically, we need to identify a reason that explains why the widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow despite their benefits. The argument mentions that the initial cost of installing green roofs is considerably high. The completion of the argument should therefore focus on another factor that contributes to the slow adoption, possibly related to cost or convenience.

Let's analyze each option to see which one best fits:

(A) There are sufficient numbers of skilled laborers available to install green roofs
This does not explain why adoption is slow. In fact, it suggests there is no labor shortage, which would imply that installation should be easier, not harder.

(B) Green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers
This could contribute to the high initial cost and logistical difficulties, but it is not as directly relevant as cost and convenience comparisons.

(C) Tax incentives for green construction projects are commonly available in urban areas
This would likely encourage adoption rather than hinder it. Therefore, it doesn't explain the slow adoption.

(D) Traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs
This option directly addresses the comparison between green roofs and traditional roofs, highlighting that traditional roofs are less expensive and quicker to install. This directly contributes to the reason why the adoption of green roofs has been slow, making it a strong candidate.

(E) Green roofs typically last longer than traditional roofing materials, thus potentially saving money over time
This fact would encourage adoption rather than hinder it, as it suggests long-term savings.

Option (D) provides the most logical and direct completion to the urban planner's argument by explaining the comparative disadvantage of green roofs in terms of cost and installation time, which complements the initial point about high installation costs.

So, Answer: D

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Quote:

(A) there are sufficient numbers of skilled laborers available to install green roofs

The statement does not provide reasons why widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow. If there are sufficient numbers of skilled laborers available to install green roofs, widespread adoption of green roofs should have been faster.
Incorrect

Quote:

(B) green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers

The statement provides some reasons why widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow. If green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers, then there may be methods to procure from these suppliers and to sell at urban centers. There may be distributers who can facilitate the process.
Incorrect

Quote:

The statement does not provide reasons why widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow. If tax incentives for green construction projects are commonly available in urban areas, widespread adoption of green roofs should have been faster.
Incorrect

Quote:

(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs

The statement provides reason why widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow. Since traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs, widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow.
Correct

Quote:

(E) green roofs typically last longer than traditional roofing materials, thus potentially saving money over time

The statement does not provide reasons why widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow. If green roofs typically last longer than traditional roofing materials, thus potentially saving money over time, widespread adoption of green roofs should have been faster.
Incorrect

IMO D

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The only confusing choices are (B) and (D) here.

(B) green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers

This may be a valid reason. However, this statement would weaken Author's initial argument: that green roof would reduce energy consumption. As transporting green roof materials from far off areas might actually consume a lot of energy (fuel). Hence, it wouldn't logically complete the author's argument.

(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs

This insight is actually useful because it helps us know that not only installing green roofs cost significantly high, but also that the alternative is much more cheaper -- hence the gulf is wider. This wide gulf could offset any potential gains owed to reduced "need for air conditioning and energy consumption".

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To complete the urban planner’s argument logically, we need an option that explains another reason why the adoption of green roofs has been slow despite their benefits. The reason should complement the existing reason (high initial cost) and provide a plausible additional barrier.

Let's analyze the options:

(A) there are sufficient numbers of skilled laborers available to install green roofs
This option contradicts the notion of slow adoption; if there are enough skilled laborers, it should facilitate adoption, not hinder it.

(B) green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers
This could imply additional costs or logistical challenges, but it’s not as strong in explaining slow adoption as the high initial cost.

C) tax incentives for green construction projects are commonly available in urban areas
This would likely encourage adoption, so it doesn't explain the slow adoption.

D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs
This directly supports the argument by providing another reason (cost and installation time) why green roofs are less adopted despite their benefits.

(E) green roofs typically last longer than traditional roofing materials, thus potentially saving money over time
This suggests a benefit of green roofs, not a reason for slow adoption.

Ans D

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Question Statement :

Given that,
Urban Planner: The installation of green roofs in urban areas can reduce the overall city temperature during summer months, thereby reducing the need for air conditioning and energy consumption. However, despite their benefits, the widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow.

This is because the initial cost of installing green roofs is considerably high, and because __________.

Analysis :

Conculsion for the statement is highlighted in bold ( the widespread adoption .... has been slow ).

It follows by because, so author is trying to provide statements why adoption is slow. So in answer statement, we need to look at possible solution

Answer Statement analysis :

(A) there are sufficient numbers of skilled laborers available to install green roofs -- This statment didn't provide solution whereas it contradict the conclusion. if skilled laborers are available why adobption rate is low ? -- this statement can be eliminated.
(B) green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers -- If suppliers are outside, is transportation problem or transporation cost issue?, statement didn't provided exact answer, so this statement is kept for side.
(C) tax incentives for green construction projects are commonly available in urban areas -- Same as option A, it contradict the conculsion. -- this statement is eliminated.
(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs -- this statement provides why people are not using green roofs . so this is correct statement.
(E) green roofs typically last longer than traditional roofing materials, thus potentially saving money over time -- Same as option A, it contradict the conculsion. -- this statement is eliminated.

Therfore Option D is correct option.

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The argument is focusing on the reason why the adopting process of green roof is slow even though it has certain benefits.
The given reason in the argument is initial cost. So we need another reason to logically fill this.
A. actually weakens the argument. If there were more skilled labors, there would be no reason to have slow adopting process.
B. Location is not relevant to the argument. Even though it looks attractive, it is actually doesn't support or hurt the argument.
C. in real life it would be correct, but in this case, we don't know the scale of the urban centers. so it isn't supporting the argument.
D. This one logically becomes the another reason why it is slow by comparing it to the traditional method, which is fast and easy to implement.
E. It actually doesn't give the reason why it is slow. Instead it just merely mention the advantage of the green roof.

So correct answer is no doubt answer D.

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Urban Planner: The installation of green roofs in urban areas can reduce the overall city temperature during summer months, thereby reducing the need for air conditioning and energy consumption. However, despite their benefits, the widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow. This is because the initial cost of installing green roofs is considerably high, and because __________.

Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the urban planner’s argument?

(A) there are sufficient numbers of skilled laborers available to install green roofs-This should not result in slow adoption of green roof. Exactly opposite to the the argument. Doesn't logically complete the argument.

(B) green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers-This should not result in slow adoption of green roof. Doesn't logically complete the argument.

(C) tax incentives for green construction projects are commonly available in urban areas -This should promote the adoption and not result in slow adoption of green roof. Exactly opposite to the the argument. Doesn't logically complete the argument.

(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs-Available traditional alternative is cheaper and quicker to install. This logically complete the argument.

(E) green roofs typically last longer than traditional roofing materials, thus potentially saving money over time-This should promote the adoption and not result in slow adoption of green roof. Exactly opposite to the the argument. Doesn't logically complete the argument.

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Conclusion : (Notice word "However") Despite their benefits, the widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow.
Then reason for the same is provided, one is cost of installation being high and another reason "... " that we have to select from 5 options.

(A), (C), (E): Reject as it is saying opposite, demonstrating ease of installation
(B) green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers : Let's keep as saying in the direction of our argument
(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs : Again directionally right but between (B) and (D) I will go with (B) because (D) is saying same thing that's already mentioned in question stem calling out installation cost being higher of green room. So (B).

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(A) there are sufficient numbers of skilled laborers available to install green roofs
This would help the adoption of green roofs.
(B) green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers
Yes, This would not help the adoption of green roofs and is correct.
(C) tax incentives for green construction projects are commonly available in urban areas
This would help the adoption of green roofs.
(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs
This just repeats the first reasoning given in the passage itself and is hence redundant.
(E) green roofs typically last longer than traditional roofing materials, thus potentially saving money over time
This would help the adoption of green roofs.

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09 Jul 2024, 08:29

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Choice B

Plan: Install green roofs in Urban areas
Benefit: Reduces the need for Air conditioning and the energy consumption

Urban Planner observation: Despite benefits, the adoption has been slow

Reasoning on why the adoption is slow:
1. Initial cost of installation is high, therebby discouraging early adoption
2. -----------

Question: Complete the passage.
We need to find a choice that fits reason 2, why adoption of green roofs is slow.

(A) there are sufficient numbers of skilled laborers available to install green roofs This choice suggests that from supply side there are enough skilled workers to install, but doesn't tell us why the adoption is slow. Moreover, this choice doesn't link the number of available workers with the actual work for installation Incorrect

(B) green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers Correct materials are sourced from far off distances and hence it explains why the adoption is slow. This choice suggests that the output, which is the number of roofs made, is slow and hence the adoption too

(C) tax incentives for green construction projects are commonly available in urban areas If tax incentives are availble, then why is the adoption slow - Doesn't explain [b]Incorrect[/b]

(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs Irrelevant, the comparison between traditional and green roofing alone doesn't help, because based on the argument we don't know how comparison may or maynot affect the adoption Incorrect

(E) green roofs typically last longer than traditional roofing materials, thus potentially saving money over time This is an additional benefit of using green roofs, but we are looking for choice that explains why the adoption is slow Incorrect

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Confused with Option B & D, only sentence complete is option D

(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs

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We need an option that doesnt support green roofs

A- supports green roofs, eliminate
B- Higher transport cost, keep
C- Supports Green roofs, eliminate
D- The alternative is cheaper and quicker (thats why the adoption is slow)
Here we can eliminate B
E- Supports green roofs, eliminate

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Bunuel

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IMO D

Reason:
A: if true, should increase green roof adoption
B: kind of on the same lines as reasoning provided, nothing additional
C: if true, should increase green roof adoption
D: provides reasoning why green roof adoption is low, CORRECT
E: if true, should increase green roof adoption

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IMO D
Urban Planner: The installation of green roofs in urban areas can reduce the overall city temperature during summer months, thereby reducing the need for air conditioning and energy consumption. However, despite their benefits, the widespread adoption of green roofs has been slow. This is because the initial cost of installing green roofs is considerably high, and because __________.

Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the urban planner’s argument?

(A) there are sufficient numbers of skilled laborers available to install green roofs
this contradicts the slow adoption because high supply of laborers could mean fast adoption
(B) green roof materials are often sourced from suppliers who are located far from urban centers
Although this could be correct, the slowness of the adoption doesn't necessarily mean it is because the supply delivery is slow because it is far away, it could be fast. In additional, we don't know if all roof materials are located far away
(C) tax incentives for green construction projects are commonly available in urban areas
this would more likely make people adopt green roofs more
(D) traditional roofing solutions are generally less expensive and quicker to install than green roofs
correct- this shows why people may have not adopted green roofs
(E) green roofs typically last longer than traditional roofing materials, thus potentially saving money over time
this would more likely make people adopt green roofs more