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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 21 Jan 2021, 22:45
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Hi, can you please tell me what is the verb for people in option A?
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MK
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Hi mk96,

There is no verb for young people there. Instead, the who points to young people. It is the who that combines with a verb, have.

It is young people who have the {something} needed to found new businesses. ~ Young people are the ones who have the {something} needed to found new businesses.

You could also go through this post.
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 21 Jan 2021, 22:50
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Hi, can you please tell me what is the verb for people in option A?
Thanks,
MK
Hi mk96,

There is no verb for young people there. Instead, the who points to young people. It is the who that combines with a verb, have.

It is young people who have the {something} needed to found new businesses. ~ Young people are the ones who have the {something} needed to found new businesses.

You could also go through this post.
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But then why did lakerfan24 says this for option C. having --> same as "B" (does not show possession). Also, we need a verb here to pair with the subject (people)
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 21 Jan 2021, 23:36
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But then why did lakerfan24 says this for option C. having --> same as "B" (does not show possession). Also, we need a verb here to pair with the subject (people)
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Which post are you looking at? We can't let people form a subject-verb pair, because it'll lead to something like this:

It is young people have the {something} needed to found new businesses.
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 22 Jan 2021, 02:01
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success” needed to found new businesses.

A. who have
B. with --> this does not show POSSESSION. Idea is that young people HAVE (1) contempt of risk, and (2) hope of success
C. having --> same as "B" (does not show possession). Also, we need a verb here to pair with the subject (people)
D. who are those with --> redundancy error: if you have "who", why do you need "those"? Talking about the same thing
E. who are the ones to have --> same as "D" (redundancy error: if you have "who", why do you need "the ones"?

A is good b/c you have possessive "who", which ties in to "people". Also, "have" shares the plural form of "people".

Kudos please if you find this helpful :)
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 23 Jan 2021, 01:22
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AjiteshArun this one
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Hi mk96,

I won't comment directly on that post, but normally, when we say that a subject "pairs" with a verb, we mean that those two elements form a clause. In this case, it's better to say that the who "pairs" with have. If people were to pair directly with have, we'd end up with an independent clause. An independent clause would not be correct here:

... it is young people have {something}
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 11 Feb 2021, 12:43
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Quote:
In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success” needed to found new businesses.

(A) who have
(B) with
(C) having
(D) who are those with
(E) who are the ones to have
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Hi Honorable Experts,
MartyTargetTestPrep, GMATNinja, GMATGuruNY, AjiteshArun, EducationAisle,
Could you tell me why the author used the past form of 'find' after 'to'?
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 11 Feb 2021, 21:43
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Hi Honorable Experts,
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Could you tell me why the author used the past form of 'find' after 'to'?
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Hi TheUltimateWinner,

Found can absolutely be the simple past of find, but this particular found is slightly different. In this sentence it is the plain (infinitive) form of found (ignore the first entry that says "past simple and past participle of find"). Here, found ~ establish, and the past tense of this found is founded.
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 25 Apr 2021, 08:48
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To be honest, I am bit confused with option A and C in terms of meaning.

In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people
who have “the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success”
needed to found new businesses.

My reasoning is who have “the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success” acts as a modifier. So, if I change it to having, how does it make the meaning wrong?
Also, In terms of subject-verb pair Adam Smith wrote and it is , It is still correct.

For example:

Person who have courage required for this job.
Person having courage required for this job.

Doesn't it convey the same meaning? (BTW I am non native English speaker.)
If missing verb before Required is an issue. Wont it affect all of these sentences?
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 25 Apr 2021, 20:49
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Soham68
To be honest, I am bit confused with option A and C in terms of meaning.

In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people
who have “the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success”
needed to found new businesses.

My reasoning is who have “the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success” acts as a modifier. So, if I change it to having, how does it make the meaning wrong?
Also, In terms of subject-verb pair Adam Smith wrote and it is , It is still correct.

For example:

Person who have courage required for this job.
Person having courage required for this job.

Doesn't it convey the same meaning? (BTW I am non native English speaker.)
If missing verb before Required is an issue. Wont it affect all of these sentences?
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Hi Soham68,

The purpose of this type of sentence is different.

1. The corruption scandal that torpedoed his career was covered extensively. ← This is the type of modifier you're thinking about. It specifies which corruption scandal we're talking about. Maybe there were many, and we wish to refer to this particular one. This type of that is called a relative pronoun.

Let's take another sentence.

2. The corruption scandal torpedoed his career. ← This sentence tells us what torpedoed his career.

Another way to use a relative is after a dummy it, to move what would otherwise have been the subject of the clause out of that position. Let's do that to (2):

3. It was the corruption scandal that torpedoed his career. ← The important point here is that this sentence is like (2), not (1). This sentence also tells us what torpedoed his career. It's like saying "The corruption scandal was what torpedoed his career".

So, (3) is similar to (2). The difference is that it adds emphasis to the sentence. Another example:

4. It is the Prime Minister who must take full responsibility for the situation.

This sentence is not "(It) is (the Prime Minister who must take full responsibility for the situation)", because we're not trying to specify which Prime Minister we're talking about. Instead, what this sentence is really telling us is who must take responsibility. The correct way to read this sentence is:

5. The Prime Minister is the one who must take full responsibility for the situation.

Similarly, the correct way to read (6) is (7):

6. It is young people who have “the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success” needed to found new businesses.

7. Young people are the ones who have “the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success” needed to found new businesses.
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 30 May 2021, 07:02
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Im between A and D. Whats wrong with D? Isnt D less ambiguous than A?

I mean:

A says "Young people who have it"
D says "Young people who are those that have it"

D meaning ONLY young people have it. A could mean the same thing, BUT A could also imply that "only those of the young people that have it" and not all young people. To get rid of the interpretation that the sentence might actually continue after it is ended, D is least ambiguous.

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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 25 Jun 2021, 06:20
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Bambi2021
Im between A and D. Whats wrong with D? Isnt D less ambiguous than A?

I mean:

A says "Young people who have it"
D says "Young people who are those that have it"

D meaning ONLY young people have it. A could mean the same thing, BUT A could also imply that "only those of the young people that have it" and not all young people. To get rid of the interpretation that the sentence might actually continue after it is ended, D is least ambiguous.

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Let's take another look at (A):

  • Who is it who has the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success? It is the young people. The young people ARE the ones who have the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success.
  • Does that mean that EVERY young person has the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success? Not necessarily. IN GENERAL, young people have those things.
  • I don't see how (A) causes any ambiguity, either. Of course, only the young people who do in fact have those things actually have those things, right?
  • So the meaning in (A) is perfectly fine and unambiguous as is.

In (D), what does the pronoun "those" refer to? "Young people" or just "people"? If we go with the first option, we have:

    "It is young people who are the young people with the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success."

That's ambiguous at best, but it arguably doesn't make any sense. Why bother writing that the the young people who have the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success are young people?

(D) actually makes a bit more sense if we assume that "those" refers to just "people." Who are the people who have the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success? It is the young people. Now the sentence tells us WHICH people are the ones who have the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success.

But (A) tells us that without leaving any room at all for an illogical meaning, and that makes it the better choice.

I hope that helps a bit!
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 25 Jun 2021, 15:19
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GMATNinja

The thing for me was, when I read A, I expected something to follow where the sentence ended. Maybe it was just me. But when I read D, I instantly knew the sentence would end, and the second meaning of D, that you mentioned, was obvious to me:

"(D) actually makes a bit more sense if we assume that "those" refers to just "people." Who are the people who have the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success? It is the young people. Now the sentence tells us WHICH people are the ones who have the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success."

Apart from my own experience of reading the sentence, I agree with your analysis of D. You can of course find that ambiguity, but it is so far from making any sense that it wont impede the reading process.

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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 21 Jul 2021, 04:51
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Hi Yolks,
I have the doubt about young people possessing two things.
Now if we say it's young people with.
Isn't the meaning the same ?
Example- Young people with witty brains. or young people having witty brains.
How are option B and C changing the meaning.
They also say about young people possessing two things.
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 21 Jul 2021, 09:11
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Hi I have one question. Why isn't comma required before "WHO HAVE". I think you also need comma before WHO. Correct me if I am wrong.
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 21 Jul 2021, 22:22
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Hi I have one question. Why isn't comma required before "WHO HAVE". I think you also need comma before WHO. Correct me if I am wrong.
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Hi saarthakkhanna04,

This sentence uses who in a slightly different way. This post explains how who is used here.
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 29 Sep 2021, 03:22
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The point of the sentence is that it is young people who have this trait.

When we take away 'who have' and use 'with' or 'having', we create a sentence fragment because we're taking away a verb.

In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people with “the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success” needed to found new businesses.

In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people having “the contempt of risk and the presumptuous hope of success” needed to found new businesses.

These are sentence fragments.

young people with X.... okay... what do they do?

A fixes the issue and offers a complete thought.
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 04 Oct 2021, 01:20
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egmat
the subject "Who" refers to "Young people". so the subject " Who" should have singular verb.
Why the verb for "who" is "have" ?
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 04 Oct 2021, 08:42
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egmat
the subject "Who" refers to "Young people". so the subject " Who" should have singular verb.
Why the verb for "who" is "have" ?
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Hi Aparimit,

Young people is plural, as is have.

1. It is young people who have... ← The verb after who (have, plural) must agree with the noun that who refers to (young people, plural).
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 11 Oct 2021, 18:12
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Hi Honorable Experts,
MartyTargetTestPrep, GMATNinja, GMATGuruNY, AjiteshArun, EducationAisle,
Could you tell me why the author used the past form of 'find' after 'to'?
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Hi TheUltimateWinner,

Found can absolutely be the simple past of find, but this particular found is slightly different. In this sentence it is the plain (infinitive) form of found (ignore the first entry that says "past simple and past participle of find"). Here, found ~ establish, and the past tense of this found is founded.
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Hi AjiteshArun.
If found is used in the context of "Established / Built", are these the ways to use this sentence

Present progressive : I am founding an institution
Present tense : I found a company [note - this is not, located. Found in this context is "created"]
Future tense (Active voice) : The queen will found a new colony
Past tense (active) : I founded a business.
Past tense (passive) : Walmart was founded by Sam Walton
Infinitive : I want to found a new rule
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In 1776 Adam Smith wrote that it is young people who have “the contemp 09 Dec 2021, 09:51
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GMATNinja, can you please explain why B and C are not correct?
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